Technology domains

Patent work fails quietly when nobody understands the invention.

Operational rigour is worth very little if the person reading the claims cannot follow the technology. Matters are allocated by subject matter, to professionals whose background actually matches the invention — not distributed by whoever is free. No individual is presented as covering every field.

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Digital

Artificial Intelligence

  • Generative AI
  • Large language models
  • Agentic systems
  • Computer vision
  • Natural language processing
  • Model architectures
  • Training pipelines
  • Inference optimisation
Digital

Machine Learning

  • Supervised and unsupervised learning
  • Reinforcement learning
  • Feature engineering
  • Recommendation systems
  • Predictive analytics
  • Federated learning
  • MLOps
Digital

Software

  • Distributed systems
  • Cloud and edge computing
  • Databases and vector stores
  • Compilers and runtimes
  • Developer tooling
  • Enterprise and SaaS platforms
  • APIs and protocols
Digital

Telecommunications

  • 5G and 6G
  • Radio access networks
  • Standard-essential patents
  • Modulation and coding
  • Network slicing
  • Optical transport
  • Satellite communications
Physical sciences

Semiconductors

  • Device physics
  • Process and fabrication
  • Lithography
  • Packaging and interconnect
  • Memory technologies
  • Analog and mixed signal
  • Chip architecture
Engineering

Electronics

  • Circuit design
  • Power electronics
  • Embedded systems
  • Sensors and transducers
  • Signal processing
  • PCB and hardware design
  • Test and measurement
Engineering

Robotics

  • Manipulators and end effectors
  • Motion planning
  • Control systems
  • Autonomous navigation
  • Human-robot interaction
  • Perception stacks
  • Actuation
Industry

Industrial Automation

  • Process control
  • SCADA and PLC systems
  • Machine vision
  • Predictive maintenance
  • Digital twins
  • Factory robotics
  • Safety systems
Digital

Internet of Things

  • Connected devices
  • Low-power protocols
  • Edge analytics
  • Device management
  • Smart metering
  • Building and home automation
  • Industrial IoT
Engineering

Mechanical Engineering

  • Machine design
  • Thermodynamics and fluid systems
  • Structural analysis
  • Tribology
  • Mechanisms and linkages
  • HVAC
  • Precision engineering
Engineering

Automotive

  • Electric powertrains
  • Battery systems
  • ADAS and autonomy
  • Vehicle dynamics
  • Charging infrastructure
  • In-vehicle networks
  • Thermal management
Physical sciences

Chemicals

  • Organic and inorganic synthesis
  • Catalysis
  • Polymers
  • Specialty and fine chemicals
  • Process chemistry
  • Formulations
  • Agrochemicals
Physical sciences

Materials Science

  • Composites
  • Nanomaterials
  • Coatings and surfaces
  • Metallurgy
  • Ceramics
  • Functional materials
  • Characterisation
Life sciences

Pharmaceuticals

  • Small molecules
  • Formulations and delivery
  • Polymorphs and salts
  • Process patents
  • Combination therapies
  • Regulatory interface
  • Second medical use
Life sciences

Biotechnology

  • Biologics and biosimilars
  • Gene editing
  • Cell and gene therapy
  • Antibodies
  • Fermentation and bioprocessing
  • Sequencing
  • Synthetic biology
Life sciences

Medical Devices

  • Diagnostics
  • Implantables
  • Imaging systems
  • Surgical instruments
  • Wearables and monitoring
  • Digital health software
  • Drug-device combinations
Industry

Energy

  • Solar and wind
  • Energy storage
  • Hydrogen
  • Grid and transmission
  • Nuclear
  • Carbon capture
  • Energy management systems
Industry

Manufacturing

  • Additive manufacturing
  • Machining and forming
  • Assembly automation
  • Quality and inspection
  • Supply chain systems
  • Packaging machinery
  • Industrial processes
Industry

Consumer Products

  • Appliances
  • Personal care
  • Food technology
  • Textiles
  • Packaging
  • Sporting goods
  • Product architecture
Digital

FinTech

  • Payments and settlement
  • Distributed ledger
  • Risk and fraud systems
  • Trading infrastructure
  • Digital identity
  • RegTech
  • Core banking platforms
Physical sciences

Deep Technology

  • Quantum computing
  • Photonics
  • Space systems
  • Advanced sensing
  • Neurotechnology
  • Metamaterials
  • Fusion

Cross-disciplinary matters

The hard inventions rarely sit in one box.

An autonomous industrial system involves mechanical engineering, embedded electronics, computer vision, machine learning and control theory. A digital health product involves devices, sensors, cloud software and diagnostics. A semiconductor process invention combines materials science, process engineering and metrology.

Interdisciplinary matters are routed to professionals whose backgrounds match the invention, rather than forced into a single practice bucket because that is how the firm happens to be organised. Technical classification and allocation involve human oversight; routing is not presented as fully autonomous.

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